NIMROD Publications

Standard reference

The standard reference for citing NIMROD is:

C.R. Sovinec, A.H. Glasser, T.A. Gianakon, D.C. Barnes, R.A. Nebel, S.E. Kruger, D.D. Schnack, S.J. Plimpton, A. Tarditi, and M.S. Chu, “Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements,” Journal of Computational Physics 195(1), 355–386 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.004

The BibTex reference for this is:

@article{Sovinec_2004,
  title={Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements},
  volume={195},
  Issn={0021-9991},
  url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.004},
  DOI={10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.004},
  number={1},
  journal={Journal of Computational Physics},
  publisher={Elsevier Bv},
  author={Sovinec, C.R. and Glasser, A.H. and Gianakon, T.A. and Barnes, D.C.
          and Nebel, R.A. and Kruger, S.E. and Schnack, D.D. and Plimpton, S.J.
          and Tarditi, A. and Chu, M.s.},
  year={2004},
  month=mar, pages={355–386},
}

Papers in which the primary focus is on results of NIMROD simulations

N. Ahmad, P. Zhu, A. Ali, and S. Zeng, “Viscous effects on plasmoid formation from nonlinear resistive tearing growth in a Harris sheet,” Plasma Science and Technology 24(1), 015103 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac3563

C. Akcay, C.C. Kim, B.S. Victor, and T.R. Jarboe, “Validation of single-fluid and two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic models of the helicity injected torus spheromak experiment with the NIMROD code,” Physics of Plasmas 20(8), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4817951

C. Akçay, J.M. Finn, A.J. Cole, and D.P. Brennan, “Nonlinear error field response in the presence of plasma rotation and real frequencies due to favorable curvature,” Physics of Plasmas 27(3), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5144470

A. Ali, and P. Zhu, “Effects of plasmoid formation on sawtooth process in a tokamak,” Physics of Plasmas 26(5), (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5091857

A.A. Bala, P. Zhu, H. Li, Y. Ding, J. Liu, S. Wan, Y. He, D. Li, N. Wang, B. Rao, and Z. Wang, “Quasi-static magnetic compression of field-reversed configuration plasma: amended scalings and limits from two-dimensional MHD equilibrium,” Plasma Science and Technology 25(2), 025106 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac92cc

D. Banerjee, P. Zhu, and R. Maingi, “Stabilizing effect of resistivity towards ELM-free H-mode discharge in lithium-conditioned NSTX,” Nuclear Fusion 57(7), 076005 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa6b25

D. Banerjee, P. Zhu, and R. Maingi, “Stabilizing effects of enhanced resistivity due to lithium-conditioning on low-n edge localized modes in NSTX,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4981931

R.A. Bayliss, C.R. Sovinec, and A.J. Redd, “Zero-β modeling of coaxial helicity injection in the HIT-II spherical torus,” Physics of Plasmas 18(9), (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3626563

M.T. Beidler, J.D. Callen, C.C. Hegna, and C.R. Sovinec, “Mode penetration induced by transient magnetic perturbations,” Physics of Plasmas 25(8), (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5046076

M.T. Beidler, J.D. Callen, C.C. Hegna, and C.R. Sovinec, “Nonlinear modeling of forced magnetic reconnection in slab geometry with NIMROD,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982814

D.P. Brennan, C.C. Kim, and R.J. La Haye, “Energetic particle effects on n = 1 resistive MHD instabilities in a DIII-D hybrid discharge,” Nuclear Fusion 52(3), 033004 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/52/3/033004

D.P. Brennan, S.E. Kruger, D.D. Schnack, C.R. Sovinec, and A. Pankin, “Computing nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic edge localized instabilities in fusion plasmas,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 46, 63–72 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/46/1/009

D.P. Brennan, S.E. Kruger, T.A. Gianakon, and D.D. Schnack, “A categorization of tearing mode onset in tokamaks via nonlinear simulation,” Nuclear Fusion 45(9), 1178–1190 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/45/9/018

K.J. Bunkers, and C.R. Sovinec, “The influence of boundary and edge-plasma modeling in computations of axisymmetric vertical displacement,” Physics of Plasmas 27(11), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0023604

B.J. Burke, S.E. Kruger, C.C. Hegna, P. Zhu, P.B. Snyder, C.R. Sovinec, and E.C. Howell, “Edge localized linear ideal magnetohydrodynamic instability studies in an extended-magnetohydrodynamic code,” Physics of Plasmas 17(3), 032103 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3309732

C.S. Carey, and C.R. Sovinec, “ROTATIONAL STABILIZATION OF MAGNETICALLY COLLIMATED JETS,” The Astrophysical Journal 699(1), 362–372 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/699/1/362

S. Cheng, P. Zhu, D. Banerjee, and X. Yan, “Dominant two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic instabilities in CFETR upgrade phase-I scenario in presence of perfect conducting wall,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 61(4), 045009 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab0090

S. Cheng, P. Zhu, and D. Banerjee, “Enhanced toroidal flow stabilization of edge localized modes with increased plasma density,” Physics of Plasmas 24(9), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4990978

B.I. Cohen, C.A. Romero-Talamás, D.D. Ryutov, E.B. Hooper, L.L. LoDestro, H.S. McLean, T.L. Stewart, and R.D. Wood, “The role of the nϕ=1 column mode in spheromak formation,” Physics of Plasmas 16(4), (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3097909

B.I. Cohen, E.B. Hooper, R.H. Cohen, D.N. Hill, H.S. McLean, R.D. Wood, S. Woodruff, C.R. Sovinec, and G.A. Cone, “Simulation of spheromak evolution and energy confinement,” Physics of Plasmas 12(5), (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1869501

B.S. Cornille, M.T. Beidler, S. Munaretto, B.E. Chapman, D. Del-Castillo-Negrete, N.C. Hurst, J.S. Sarff, and C.R. Sovinec, “Computational study of runaway electrons in MST tokamak discharges with applied resonant magnetic perturbation,” Physics of Plasmas 29(5), (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0087314

D.A. D’Ippolito, J.R. Myra, and S.J. Zweben, “Convective transport by intermittent blob-filaments: Comparison of theory and experiment,” Physics of Plasmas 18(6), (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3594609

F. Ebrahimi, “An Alfvenic reconnecting plasmoid thruster,” Journal of Plasma Physics 86(6), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022377820001476

F. Ebrahimi, “Dynamo-driven plasmoid formation from a current-sheet instability,” Physics of Plasmas 23(12), (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4972218

F. Ebrahimi, and R. Raman, “Large-volume flux closure during plasmoid-mediated reconnection in coaxial helicity injection,” Nuclear Fusion 56(4), 044002 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/56/4/044002

F. Ebrahimi, and R. Raman, “Plasmoids Formation During Simulations of Coaxial Helicity Injection in the National Spherical Torus Experiment,” Physical Review Letters 114(20), (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.205003

F. Ebrahimi, R. Raman, E.B. Hooper, C.R. Sovinec, and A. Bhattacharjee, “Physics of forced magnetic reconnection in coaxial helicity injection experiments in National Spherical Torus Experiment,” Physics of Plasmas 21(5), (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4875337

F. Ebrahimi, E.B. Hooper, C.R. Sovinec, and R. Raman, “Magnetic reconnection process in transient coaxial helicity injection,” Physics of Plasmas 20(9), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4821974

J.M. Finn, C.R. Sovinec, and D. del-Castillo-Negrete, “Chaotic Scattering and Self-Organization in Spheromak Sustainment,” Physical Review Letters 85(21), 4538–4541 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.4538

T.A. Gianakon, S.E. Kruger, and C.C. Hegna, “Heuristic closures for numerical simulations of neoclassical tearing modes,” Physics of Plasmas 9(2), 536–547 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1424924

A.H. Glasser, C.R. Sovinec, R.A. Nebel, T.A. Gianakon, S.J. Plimpton, M.S. Chu, D.D. Schnack, and the N. Team, “The NIMROD code: a new approach to numerical plasma physics,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 41(3A), A747–A755 (1999). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/41/3A/067

U. Gupta, and C.R. Sovinec, “Pressure-driven tearing and thermal transport in finite-beta reversed field pinch computations,” Physics of Plasmas 30(1), (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0124281

R. Han, P. Zhu, D. Banerjee, S. Cheng, X. Yan, and L. Zheng, “Low-n global ideal MHD instabilities in the CFETR baseline scenario,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 62(8), 085016 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab97f0

E.D. Held, S.E. Kruger, J.-Y. Ji, E.A. Belli, and B.C. Lyons, “Verification of continuum drift kinetic equation solvers in NIMROD,” Physics of Plasmas 22(3), (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4914165

E.D. Held, J.D. Callen, C.C. Hegna, C.R. Sovinec, T.A. Gianakon, and S.E. Kruger, “Nonlocal closures for plasma fluid simulations,” Physics of Plasmas 11(5), 2419–2426 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1645520

E.B. Hooper, “Plasma density injection and flow during coaxial helicity injection in a tokamak,” Physics of Plasmas 25(2), (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5018196

E.B. Hooper, and C.R. Sovinec, “A current-driven resistive instability and its nonlinear effects in simulations of coaxial helicity injection in a tokamak,” Physics of Plasmas 23(10), (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4964292

E.B. Hooper, C.R. Sovinec, R. Raman, F. Ebrahimi, and J.E. Menard, “Resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of helicity-injected startup plasmas in National Spherical Torus eXperiment,” Physics of Plasmas 20(9), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4821977

E.B. Hooper, “Physics issues of a spheromak refluxing scenario,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 53(8), 085008 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/53/8/085008

E.B. Hooper, C.A. Romero-Talamás, L.L. LoDestro, R.D. Wood, and H.S. McLean, “Aspect-ratio effects in the driven, flux-core spheromak,” Physics of Plasmas 16(5), (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3134064

E.B. Hooper, B.I. Cohen, H.S. McLean, R.D. Wood, C.A. Romero-Talamás, and C.R. Sovinec, “NIMROD resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of spheromak physics,” Physics of Plasmas 15(3), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2890772

E.B. Hooper, T.A. Kopriva, B.I. Cohen, D.N. Hill, H.S. McLean, R.D. Wood, S. Woodruff, and C.R. Sovinec, “Magnetic reconnection during flux conversion in a driven spheromak,” Physics of Plasmas 12(9), (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2040207

Y. Hou, C.C. Kim, P. Zhu, Z. Zou, Y. Hu, and X. Yan, “Numerical study of transition between even and odd toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes on EAST,” Physics of Plasmas 26(8), (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5108693

Y. Hou, P. Zhu, C.C. Kim, Z. Hu, Z. Zou, and Z. Wang, “NIMROD calculations of energetic particle driven toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes,” Physics of Plasmas 25(1), (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4999619

E.C. Howell, J.R. King, S.E. Kruger, J.D. Callen, R.J. La Haye, and R.S. Wilcox, “Growing neoclassical tearing modes seeded via transient-induced-multimode interactions,” Physics of Plasmas 29(2), (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0076253

E.C. Howell, and C.R. Sovinec, “Solving the Grad–Shafranov equation with spectral elements,” Computer Physics Communications 185(5), 1415–1421 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2014.02.008

V.A. Izzo, I. Pusztai, K. Särkimäki, A. Sundström, D.T. Garnier, D. Weisberg, R.A. Tinguely, C. Paz-Soldan, R.S. Granetz, and R. Sweeney, “Runaway electron deconfinement in SPARC and DIII-D by a passive 3D coil,” Nuclear Fusion 62(9), 096029 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac83d8

V.A. Izzo, and P.B. Parks, “Modeling of rapid shutdown in the DIII-D tokamak by core deposition of high-Z material,” Physics of Plasmas 24(6), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4990447

V.A. Izzo, “The effect of pre-existing islands on disruption mitigation in MHD simulations of DIII-D,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977462

V.A. Izzo, “Impurity mixing and radiation asymmetry in massive gas injection simulations of DIII-D,” Physics of Plasmas 20(5), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4803896

V.A. Izzo, E.M. Hollmann, A.N. James, J.H. Yu, D.A. Humphreys, L.L. Lao, P.B. Parks, P.E. Sieck, J.C. Wesley, R.S. Granetz, G.M. Olynyk, and D.G. Whyte, “Runaway electron confinement modelling for rapid shutdown scenarios in DIII-D, Alcator C-Mod and ITER,” Nuclear Fusion 51(6), 063032 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/51/6/063032

V.A. Izzo, and P.B. Parks, “Comment on ‘Plasma current spikes due to internal reconnection during tokamak disruptions,’” Nuclear Fusion 50(5), 058001 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/50/5/058001

V.A. Izzo, P.B. Parks, and L.L. Lao, “DIII-D and ITER rapid shutdown with radially uniform deuterium delivery,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 51(10), 105004 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/51/10/105004

V.A. Izzo, and I. Joseph, “RMP enhanced transport and rotational screening in simulations of DIII-D plasmas,” Nuclear Fusion 48(11), 115004 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/48/11/115004

V.A. Izzo, D.G. Whyte, R.S. Granetz, P.B. Parks, E.M. Hollmann, L.L. Lao, and J.C. Wesley, “Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of massive gas injection into Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D plasmas,” Physics of Plasmas 15(5), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2841526

V.A. Izzo, “A numerical investigation of the effects of impurity penetration depth on disruption mitigation by massive high-pressure gas jet,” Nuclear Fusion 46(5), 541–547 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/5/006

V.A. Izzo, and T.R. Jarboe, “Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the Helicity Injected Torus with Steady Inductive drive,” Physics of Plasmas 12(5), (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1882312

V.A. Izzo, and T.R. Jarboe, “A numerical assessment of the Lundquist number requirement for relaxation current drive,” Physics of Plasmas 10(7), 2903–2911 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1578636

T.G. Jenkins, and E.D. Held, “Coupling extended magnetohydrodynamic fluid codes with radiofrequency ray tracing codes for fusion modeling,” Journal of Computational Physics 297, 427–441 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2015.05.035

T.G. Jenkins, S.E. Kruger, C.C. Hegna, D.D. Schnack, and C.R. Sovinec, “Calculating electron cyclotron current drive stabilization of resistive tearing modes in a nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic model,” Physics of Plasmas 17(1), (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3276740

J.R. Jepson, C.C. Hegna, E.D. Held, J.A. Spencer, and B.C. Lyons, “Benchmarking NIMROD continuum kinetic formulations through the steady-state poloidal flow,” Physics of Plasmas 28(8), 082503 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0054978

Z.H. Jiang, T.T. Yang, J.J. Yuan, C.H. Li, X. Ye, J. Huang, Y. Liang, V.A. Izzo, M.X. Huang, R.H. Tong, Y. Huang, Q.X. Cai, X.T. Yan, L.Z. Zhu, Z.J. Yang, Y.H. Ding, P. Zhu, and Z.Y. Chen, “Minor disruptions triggered by supersonic molecular beam injection on J-TEXT tokamak,” Nuclear Fusion 60(6), 066004 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab7d19

Z.H. Jiang, J. Huang, R.H. Tong, T.T. Yang, Z.F. Lin, V. Izzo, C.H. Li, Y.F. Liang, X. Ye, Y.H. Ding, Z. Huang, L.Z. Zhu, and Z.Y. Chen, “Simulations of the effects of pre-seeded magnetic islands on the generation of runaway current during disruption on J-TEXT,” Physics of Plasmas 26(6), (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5100093

I.V. Khalzov, B.P. Brown, N. Katz, and C.B. Forest, “Modeling the Parker instability in a rotating plasma screw pinch,” Physics of Plasmas 19(2), (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3684240

I.V. Khalzov, B.P. Brown, F. Ebrahimi, D.D. Schnack, and C.B. Forest, “Numerical simulation of laminar plasma dynamos in a cylindrical von Kármán flow,” Physics of Plasmas 18(3), (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3559472

C.C. Kim, Y. Liu, P.B. Parks, L.L. Lao, M. Lehnen, and A. Loarte, “Shattered pellet injection simulations with NIMROD,” Physics of Plasmas 26(4), (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5088814

C.C. Kim, “Impact of velocity space distribution on hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the (1,1) mode,” Physics of Plasmas 15(7), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2949704

C.C. Kim, “Preliminary Simulations of FLR Effects on RFP Tearing Modes,” Journal of Fusion Energy 27(1–2), 61–64 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10894-007-9117-y

C.C. Kim, C.R. Sovinec, and S.E. Parker, “Hybrid kinetic-MHD simulations in general geometry,” Computer Physics Communications 164(1–3), 448–455 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.059

J.R. King, S.E. Kruger, K.H. Burrell, X. Chen, A.M. Garofalo, R.J. Groebner, K.E.J. Olofsson, A.Y. Pankin, and P.B. Snyder, “MHD modeling of a DIII-D low-torque QH-mode discharge and comparison to observations,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977467

J.R. King, K.H. Burrell, A.M. Garofalo, R.J. Groebner, S.E. Kruger, A.Y. Pankin, and P.B. Snyder, “NIMROD modeling of quiescent H-mode: reconstruction considerations and saturation mechanism,” Nuclear Fusion 57(2), 022002 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/57/2/022002

J.R. King, S.E. Kruger, R.J. Groebner, J.D. Hanson, J.D. Hebert, E.D. Held, and J.R. Jepson, “Effect of scrape-off-layer current on reconstructed tokamak equilibrium,” Physics of Plasmas 24(1), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4972822

J.R. King, A.Y. Pankin, S.E. Kruger, and P.B. Snyder, “The impact of collisionality, FLR, and parallel closure effects on instabilities in the tokamak pedestal: Numerical studies with the NIMROD code,” Physics of Plasmas 23(6), (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4954302

J.R. King, C.R. Sovinec, and V.V. Mirnov, “First-order finite-Larmor-radius fluid modeling of tearing and relaxation in a plasma pinch,” Physics of Plasmas 19(5), (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3695346

J.R. King, C.R. Sovinec, and V.V. Mirnov, “First-order finite-Larmor-radius effects on magnetic tearing in pinch configurations,” Physics of Plasmas 18(4), (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3571599

S.E. Kruger, D.D. Schnack, and C.R. Sovinec, “Dynamics of the major disruption of a DIII-D plasma,” Physics of Plasmas 12(5), (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1873872

S.E. Kruger, C.R. Sovinec, D.D. Schnack, and E.D. Held, “Free-boundary simulations of DIII-D plasmas with the NIMROD code,” Computer Physics Communications 164(1–3), 34–39 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2004.06.006

B. Li, Z. Jiang, J. Lv, X. Li, B. Rao, and Y. Ding, “Numerical simulation of plasma response to externally applied resonant magnetic perturbation on the J-TEXT tokamak,” Plasma Science and Technology 20(5), 054004 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/aa97cf

H. Li, and P. Zhu, “Solving the Grad–Shafranov equation using spectral elements for tokamak equilibrium with toroidal rotation,” Computer Physics Communications 260, 107264 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2020.107264

C.H. Li, Z.H. Jiang, Z.F. Lin, X. Ye, J. Huang, R.H. Tong, L.Z. Zhu, Z.Y. Chen, Y. Liang, P. Zhu, Z.P. Chen, and Y.H. Ding, “The effect of 2/1 pre-existing magnetic islands width on the suppression of runaway electrons in disruption simulations of J-TEXT,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 62(9), 095010 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aba365

X. Lin, D. Banerjee, P. Zhu, G.S. Xu, Y. Ye, Y.F. Wang, H.L. Li, Q. Zang, T. Zhang, and Y.J. Chen, “Stabilizing effect of enhanced resistivity on peeling-ballooning instabilities on EAST,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 62(3), 035011 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab6d47

B. Luo, P. Zhu, H. Li, and W. Liu, “Resistive MHD modelling of the quasi-single helicity state in the KTX regimes,” Nuclear Fusion 58(1), 016049 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa9291

O.E. López, E.C. Howell, J.D. Hanson, and D.A. Maurer, “Power-transfer and fixed-point analysis of sawtooth simulations of a current-carrying stellarator,” Journal of Plasma Physics 88(6), (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022377822000770

Y. Ma, P. Zhu, B. Rao, and H. Li, “MHD simulation on magnetic compression of field reversed configurations with NIMROD,” Nuclear Fusion 63(4), 046017 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/acbdac

A.I.D. Macnab, and S. Woodruff, “Simulations of the Supersonic Translation, Collision, and Merging of Two Field-Reversed Configurations for Plasma Heating,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 36(4), 1208–1209 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2008.924415

A.I.D. Macnab, R.D. Milroy, C.C. Kim, and C.R. Sovinec, “Hall magnetohydrodynamics simulations of end-shorting induced rotation in field-reversed configurations,” Physics of Plasmas 14(9), (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2768017

R.D. Milroy, C.C. Kim, and C.R. Sovinec, “Extended magnetohydrodynamic simulations of field reversed configuration formation and sustainment with rotating magnetic field current drive,” Physics of Plasmas 17(6), (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3436630

R.D. Milroy, A.I.D. Macnab, C.C. Kim, and C.R. Sovinec, “FRC Simulations using the NIMROD Code,” Journal of Fusion Energy 27(1–2), 73–76 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10894-007-9089-y

K. Morgan, T. Jarboe, and C. Akcay, “Formation of closed flux surfaces in spheromaks sustained by steady inductive helicity injection,” Nuclear Fusion 59(6), 066037 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab1779

K.D. Morgan, T.R. Jarboe, A.C. Hossack, R.N. Chandra, and C.J. Everson, “Validation of extended magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the HIT-SI3 experiment using the NIMROD code,” Physics of Plasmas 24(12), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4997944

N.A. Murphy, M.P. Miralles, C.L. Pope, J.C. Raymond, H.D. Winter, K.K. Reeves, D.B. Seaton, A.A. van Ballegooijen, and J. Lin, “ASYMMETRIC MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN SOLAR FLARE AND CORONAL MASS EJECTION CURRENT SHEETS,” The Astrophysical Journal 751(1), 56 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/751/1/56

N.A. Murphy, “Resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of X-line retreat during magnetic reconnection,” Physics of Plasmas 17(11), (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3494570

N.A. Murphy, and C.R. Sovinec, “Global axisymmetric simulations of two-fluid reconnection in an experimentally relevant geometry,” Physics of Plasmas 15(4), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2904600

J.B. O’Bryan, C.A. Romero-Talamás, and S. Woodruff, “Simulation of multi-pulse coaxial helicity injection in the Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment,” Physics of Plasmas 25(3), (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5018319

J.B. O’Bryan, and C.R. Sovinec, “Simulated flux-rope evolution during non-inductive startup in Pegasus,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 56(6), 064005 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/56/6/064005

J.B. O’Bryan, C.R. Sovinec, and T.M. Bird, “Simulation of current-filament dynamics and relaxation in the Pegasus Spherical Tokamak,” Physics of Plasmas 19(8), (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4746089

A.Y. Pankin, J.R. King, S.E. Kruger, X. Chen, K.H. Burrell, A.M. Garofalo, R.J. Groebner, G.R. McKee, and Z. Yan, “Towards validated MHD modeling of edge harmonic oscillation in DIII-D QH-mode discharges,” Nuclear Fusion 60(9), 092004 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab9afe

J.M. Reynolds, C.R. Sovinec, and S.C. Prager, “Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics of pulsed parallel current drive in reversed-field pinches,” Physics of Plasmas 15(6), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2937770

N.A. Roberds, L. Guazzotto, J.D. Hanson, J.L. Herfindal, E.C. Howell, D.A. Maurer, and C.R. Sovinec, “Simulations of sawtoothing in a current carrying stellarator,” Physics of Plasmas 23(9), (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4962990

J. Rosenberg, and F. Ebrahimi, “Onset of Plasmoid Reconnection during Magnetorotational Instability,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters 920(2), L29 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac2b2e

A.P. Sainterme, and C.R. Sovinec, “Resistive hose modes in tokamak runaway electron beams,” Physics of Plasmas 31(1), (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0183530

J.P. Sauppe, and C.R. Sovinec, “Extended MHD modeling of tearing-driven magnetic relaxation,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977540

J.P. Sauppe, and C.R. Sovinec, “Two-fluid and finite Larmor radius effects on helicity evolution in a plasma pinch,” Physics of Plasmas 23(3), (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4942761

M.G. Schlutt, C.C. Hegna, C.R. Sovinec, E.D. Held, and S.E. Kruger, “Self-consistent simulations of nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics and profile evolution in stellarator configurations,” Physics of Plasmas 20(5), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4802834

M.G. Schlutt, C.C. Hegna, C.R. Sovinec, S.F. Knowlton, and J.D. Hebert, “Numerical simulation of current evolution in the Compact Toroidal Hybrid,” Nuclear Fusion 52(10), 103023 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/52/10/103023

D.D. Schnack, D.C. Barnes, D.P. Brennan, C.C. Hegna, E. Held, C.C. Kim, S.E. Kruger, A.Y. Pankin, and C.R. Sovinec, “Computational modeling of fully ionized magnetized plasmas using the fluid approximation,” Physics of Plasmas 13(5), (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2183738

C.R. Sovinec, and K.J. Bunkers, “Effects of asymmetries in computations of forced vertical displacement events,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 61(2), 024003 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/aaf124

C.R. Sovinec, “Stabilization of numerical interchange in spectral-element magnetohydrodynamics,” Journal of Computational Physics 319, 61–78 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2016.04.063

C.R. Sovinec, and J.R. King, “Analysis of a mixed semi-implicit/implicit algorithm for low-frequency two-fluid plasma modeling,” Journal of Computational Physics 229(16), 5803–5819 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2010.04.022

C.R. Sovinec, D.C. Barnes, R.A. Bayliss, D.P. Brennan, E.D. Held, S.E. Kruger, A.Y. Pankin, D.D. Schnackand, and the N. Team, “Two-fluid studies of edge relaxation events in tokamaks,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 78, 012070 (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/78/1/012070

C.R. Sovinec, D.D. Schnack, A.Y. Pankin, D.P. Brennan, H. Tian, D.C. Barnes, S.E. Kruger, E.D. Held, C.C. Kim, X.S. Li, D.K. Kaushik, S.C. Jardin, and the N. Team, “Nonlinear extended magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 16, 25–34 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/16/1/003

C.R. Sovinec, B.I. Cohen, G.A. Cone, E.B. Hooper, and H.S. McLean, “Numerical Investigation of Transients in the SSPX Spheromak,” Physical Review Letters 94(3), (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.035003

C.R. Sovinec, A.H. Glasser, T.A. Gianakon, D.C. Barnes, R.A. Nebel, S.E. Kruger, D.D. Schnack, S.J. Plimpton, A. Tarditi, and M.S. Chu, “Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics simulation using high-order finite elements,” Journal of Computational Physics 195(1), 355–386 (2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2003.10.004

C.R. Sovinec, T.A. Gianakon, E.D. Held, S.E. Kruger, and D.D. Schnack, “NIMROD: A computational laboratory for studying nonlinear fusion magnetohydrodynamics,” Physics of Plasmas 10(5), 1727–1732 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1560920

C.R. Sovinec, J.M. Finn, and D. del-Castillo-Negrete, “Formation and sustainment of electrostatically driven spheromaks in the resistive magnetohydrodynamic model,” Physics of Plasmas 8(2), 475–490 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335585

J.A. Spencer, B. Adair, E.D. Held, J.-Y. Ji, and J.R. Jepson, “Accurate numerical, integral methods for computing drift-kinetic Trubnikov-Rosenbluth potentials,” Journal of Computational Physics 450, 110862 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2021.110862

S. Taheri, J.R. King, and U. Shumlak, “Time-discretization of a plasma-neutral MHD model with a semi-implicit leapfrog algorithm,” Computer Physics Communications 274, 108288 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2022.108288

R. Takahashi, D.P. Brennan, and C.C. Kim, “Kinetic Effects of Energetic Particles on Resistive MHD Stability,” Physical Review Letters 102(13), (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.135001

Y. Yang, Y. Hou, W. Chen, P. Zhu, X. Wang, Z. Zou, Y. Yu, M. Xu, and M. Ye, “Investigation of ion fishbone stability on HL-2A using NIMROD,” Plasma Science and Technology 21(8), 085101 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ab1295

X. Yan, P. Zhu, and Y. Sun, “Neoclassical toroidal viscosity torque in tokamak edge pedestal induced by external resonant magnetic perturbation,” Physics of Plasmas 24(8), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4989449

S. Yang, P. Zhu, J. Xie, and W. Liu, “Two-fluid MHD regime of resistive drift-wave instability,” Physics of Plasmas 25(9), (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5043323

A. Zafar, P. Zhu, A. Ali, S. Zeng, and H. Li, “Effects of helium massive gas injection level on disruption mitigation on EAST,” Plasma Science and Technology 23(7), 075103 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/abfea3

Z. Zou, P. Zhu, C.C. Kim, W. Deng, X. Wang, and Y. Hou, “Frequency multiplication with toroidal mode number of kink/fishbone modes on a static HL-2A-like tokamak,” Plasma Science and Technology 24(12), 124005 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/aca00a

S. Zeng, P. Zhu, and H. Ren, “Species dependence of the impurity injection induced poloidal flow and magnetic island rotation in a tokamak,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 65(12), 125001 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ad02bc

S. Zeng, P. Zhu, and H. Ren, “Enhanced plasma current spike formation due to onset of 1/1 kink-tearing reconnection during a massive gas injection process,” Physics of Plasmas 30(8), (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0155718

S. Zeng, P. Zhu, R. Zhou, and M. Xu, “Magnetic island formation and rotation braking induced by low-Z impurity penetration in an EAST plasma,” Nuclear Fusion 63(4), 046018 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/acbdab

S. Zeng, P. Zhu, R. Zhou, and D.F. Escande, “Triggering of tearing instability by impurity radiation through resistive interchange reversal in a tokamak,” Nuclear Fusion 63(1), 016026 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aca687

S. Zeng, P. Zhu, V.A. Izzo, H. Li, and Z. Jiang, “MHD simulations of cold bubble formation from 2/1 tearing mode during massive gas injection in a tokamak,” Nuclear Fusion 62(2), 026015 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac3e3a

P. Zhu, F. Ma, X. Yan, and W. Huang, “A resistive MHD model and simulation on plasma flow evolution in the presence of resonant magnetic perturbation in a tokamak,” Physics of Plasmas 29(7), (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0085883

P. Zhu, Z. Wang, J. Chen, X. Yan, and R. Liu, “Quasi-separatrix layers induced by ballooning instability in the near-Earth magnetotail,” Annales Geophysicae 37(3), 325–335 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-325-2019

P. Zhu, A. Bhattacharjee, A. Sangari, Z. Wang, and P. Bonofiglo, “Three-dimensional geometry of magnetic reconnection induced by ballooning instability in a generalized Harris sheet,” Physics of Plasmas 24(2), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4976994

P. Zhu, C.R. Sovinec, and C.C. Hegna, “The formation of blobs from a pure interchange process,” Physics of Plasmas 22(2), (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4913476

P. Zhu, and J. Raeder, “Ballooning instability‐induced plasmoid formation in near‐Earth plasma sheet,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 119(1), 131–141 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013JA019511

P. Zhu, and J. Raeder, “Plasmoid Formation in Current Sheet with Finite Normal Magnetic Component,” Physical Review Letters 110(23), (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.235005

P. Zhu, C.C. Hegna, and C.R. Sovinec, “Stabilizing effects of edge current density on pedestal instabilities,” Physics of Plasmas 19(3), (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3692089

P. Zhu, C.C. Hegna, C.R. Sovinec, A. Bhattacharjee, and K. Germaschewski, “Intermediate nonlinear regimes of line-tied g mode and ballooning instability,” Nuclear Fusion 49(9), 095009 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/49/9/095009

P. Zhu, C.R. Sovinec, C.C. Hegna, A. Bhattacharjee, and K. Germaschewski, “Nonlinear ballooning instability in the near‐Earth magnetotail: Growth, structure, and possible role in substorms,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 112(A6), (2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011991

Papers in which NIMROD simulations contributed to the results

C. Akçay, J.M. Finn, R.A. Nebel, and D.C. Barnes, “Electrostatically driven helical plasma state,” Physics of Plasmas 24(5), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4981384

F.J. Artola, C.R. Sovinec, S.C. Jardin, M. Hoelzl, I. Krebs, and C. Clauser, “3D simulations of vertical displacement events in tokamaks: A benchmark of M3D-C1, NIMROD, and JOREK,” Physics of Plasmas 28(5), (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0037115

T.E. Benedett, C.J. Hansen, K.D. Morgan, and T.R. Jarboe, “Effects of temperature and density evolution in MHD simulations of HIT-SI,” Physics of Plasmas 27(4), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5142298

J. Boguski, M.D. Nornberg, U. Gupta, K.J. McCollam, A.F. Almagri, B.E. Chapman, D. Craig, T. Nishizawa, J.S. Sarff, C.R. Sovinec, P.W. Terry, and Z.A. Xing, “Direct measurements of the 3D plasma velocity in single-helical-axis RFP plasmas,” Physics of Plasmas 28(1), (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0025696

D.P. Brennan, R.J. La Haye, A.D. Turnbull, M.S. Chu, T.H. Jensen, L.L. Lao, T.C. Luce, P.A. Politzer, E.J. Strait, S.E. Kruger, and D.D. Schnack, “A mechanism for tearing onset near ideal stability boundaries,” Physics of Plasmas 10(5), 1643–1652 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1555830

Z.Y. Chen, Z.F. Lin, D.W. Huang, R.H. Tong, Q.M. Hu, Y.N. Wei, W. Yan, A.J. Dai, X.Q. Zhang, B. Rao, Z.J. Yang, L. Gao, Y.B. Dong, L. Zeng, Y.H. Ding, Z.J. Wang, M. Zhang, G. Zhuang, Y. Liang, Y. Pan, and Z.H. Jiang, “Suppression of runaway electrons by mode locking during disruptions on J-TEXT,” Nuclear Fusion 58(8), 082002 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aab2fc

R.H. Cohen, H.L. Berk, B.I. Cohen, T.K. Fowler, E.B. Hooper, L.L. LoDestro, E.C. Morse, L.D. Pearlstein, T.D. Rognlien, D.D. Ryutov, C.R. Sovinec, and S. Woodruff, “Theoretical investigation of field-line quality in a driven spheromak,” Nuclear Fusion 43(10), 1220–1234 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/43/10/025

F. Ebrahimi, and M. Pharr, “A Nonlocal Magneto-curvature Instability in a Differentially Rotating Disk,” The Astrophysical Journal 936(2), 145 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac892d

K. Flanagan, J. Milhone, J. Egedal, D. Endrizzi, J. Olson, E.E. Peterson, R. Sassella, and C.B. Forest, “Weakly Magnetized, Hall Dominated Plasma Couette Flow,” Physical Review Letters 125(13), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.135001

T.K. Fowler, R. Jayakumar, and H.S. McLean, “Stable Spheromaks Sustained by Neutral Beam Injection,” Journal of Fusion Energy 28(1), 118–123 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10894-008-9157-y

R. Granetz, D.G. Whyte, V.A. Izzo, T. Biewer, M.L. Reinke, J. Terry, A. Bader, M. Bakhtiari, T. Jernigan, and G. Wurden, “Gas jet disruption mitigation studies on Alcator C-Mod,” Nuclear Fusion 46(12), 1001–1008 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/46/12/003

C. Hansen, B. Victor, K. Morgan, T. Jarboe, A. Hossack, G. Marklin, B.A. Nelson, and D. Sutherland, “Numerical studies and metric development for validation of magnetohydrodynamic models on the HIT-SI experimenta),” Physics of Plasmas 22(5), 056105 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4919277

E.D. Held, J.D. Callen, C.C. Hegna, and C.R. Sovinec, “Conductive electron heat flow along magnetic field lines,” Physics of Plasmas 8(4), 1171–1179 (2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1349876

E.B. Hooper, R.H. Bulmer, B.I. Cohen, D.N. Hill, C.T. Holcomb, B. Hudson, H.S. McLean, L.D. Pearlstein, C.A. Romero-Talamás, C.R. Sovinec, B.W. Stallard, R.D. Wood, and S. Woodruff, “Sustained Spheromak Physics Experiment (SSPX): design and physics results,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 54(11), 113001 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/54/11/113001

E.C. Howell, and C.R. Sovinec, “Parameter-space survey of linear G-mode and interchange in extended magnetohydrodynamics,” Physics of Plasmas 24(10), (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4993440

B. Hudson, R.D. Wood, H.S. McLean, E.B. Hooper, D.N. Hill, J. Jayakumar, J. Moller, D. Montez, C.A. Romero-Talamás, T.A. Casper, J.A. Johnson, L.L. LoDestro, E. Mezonlin, and L.D. Pearlstein, “Energy confinement and magnetic field generation in the SSPX spheromak,” Physics of Plasmas 15(5), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2890121

N.C. Hurst, B.E. Chapman, A.F. Almagri, B.S. Cornille, S.Z. Kubala, K.J. McCollam, J.S. Sarff, C.R. Sovinec, J.K. Anderson, D.J. Den Hartog, C.B. Forest, M.D. Pandya, and W.S. Solsrud, “Self-organized magnetic equilibria in tokamak plasmas with very low edge safety factor,” Physics of Plasmas 29(8), (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101880

J.-Y. Ji, E.D. Held, and C.R. Sovinec, “Moment approach to deriving parallel heat flow for general collisionality,” Physics of Plasmas 16(2), 022312 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3079072

A.A. Kaptanoglu, T.E. Benedett, K.D. Morgan, C.J. Hansen, and T.R. Jarboe, “Two-temperature effects in Hall-MHD simulations of the HIT-SI experiment,” Physics of Plasmas 27(7), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0006311

I. Krebs, F.J. Artola, C.R. Sovinec, S.C. Jardin, K.J. Bunkers, M. Hoelzl, and N.M. Ferraro, “Axisymmetric simulations of vertical displacement events in tokamaks: A benchmark of M3D-C1, NIMROD, and JOREK,” Physics of Plasmas 27(2), (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5127664

R.J. La Haye, R.J. Buttery, S.P. Gerhardt, S.A. Sabbagh, and D.P. Brennan, “Aspect ratio effects on neoclassical tearing modes from comparison between DIII-D and National Spherical Torus Experiment,” Physics of Plasmas 19(6), (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4729658

E.A. Lazarus, F.L. Waelbroeck, T.C. Luce, M.E. Austin, K.H. Burrell, J.R. Ferron, A.W. Hyatt, T.H. Osborne, M.S. Chu, D.P. Brennan, P. Gohil, R.J. Groebner, C.L. Hsieh, R.J. Jayakumar, L.L. Lao, J. Lohr, M.A. Makowski, C.C. Petty, P.A. Politzer, R. Prater, T.L. Rhodes, J.T. Scoville, E.J. Strait, A.D. Turnbull, M.R. Wade, G. Wang, H. Reimerdes, and C. Zhang, “A comparison of sawtooth oscillations in bean and oval shaped plasmas,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 48(8), L65–L72 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/48/8/L01

H. Li, and P. Zhu, “Formation of edge pressure pedestal and reversed magnetic shear due to toroidal rotation in a tokamak equilibrium,” Physics of Plasmas 28(5), (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0043424

X. Lin, G.S. Xu, Q.Q. Yang, N. Yan, Y.F. Wang, Y. Ye, P. Zhu, B. Cao, K.D. Li, R. Chen, L. Zhang, Q. Zang, T. Zhang, Y.M. Wang, G.H. Hu, Y.Y. Li, C. Zhou, Y.J. Chen, L.Y. Meng, X.D. Yang, Y.M. Duan, H.Q. Liu, F. Ding, X.H. Chen, J.C. Xu, M.F. Wu, and L. Wang, “Physical mechanisms for the transition from type-III to large ELMs induced by impurity injection on EAST,” Physics Letters A 431, 127988 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2022.127988

B.C. Lyons, C.C. Kim, Y.Q. Liu, N.M. Ferraro, S.C. Jardin, J. McClenaghan, P.B. Parks, and L.L. Lao, “Axisymmetric benchmarks of impurity dynamics in extended-magnetohydrodynamic simulations,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 61(6), 064001 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ab0e42

P. Martin, L. Marrelli, G. Spizzo, P. Franz, P. Piovesan, I. Predebon, T. Bolzonella, S. Cappello, A. Cravotta, D.F. Escande, L. Frassinetti, S. Ortolani, R. Paccagnella, D. Terranova, the R. team, B.E. Chapman, D. Craig, S.C. Prager, J.S. Sarff, the M. team, P. Brunsell, J.-A. Malmberg, J. Drake, the E.T. team, Y. Yagi, H. Koguchi, Y. Hirano, the T.-R. team, R.B. White, C. Sovinec, C. Xiao, R.A. Nebel, and D.D. Schnack, “Overview of quasi-single helicity experiments in reversed field pinches,” Nuclear Fusion 43(12), 1855–1862 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/43/12/028

J. McClenaghan, B.C. Lyons, C.C. Kim, C. Akçay, N. Eidietis, L.L. Lao, R.M. Sweeney, B. Stein-Lubrano, U. Sheikh, N. Hawkes, and G. Szepesi, “MHD modeling of shattered pellet injection in JET,” Nuclear Fusion 63(6), 066029 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/accbd3

H.S. McLean, R.D. Wood, B.I. Cohen, E.B. Hooper, D.N. Hill, J.M. Moller, C. Romero-Talamas, and S. Woodruff, “Transport and fluctuations in high temperature spheromak plasmas,” Physics of Plasmas 13(5), (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2192469

R.D. Milroy, and L.C. Steinhauer, “Toroidal field stabilization of the rotational instability in field-reversed configurations,” Physics of Plasmas 15(2), (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2842361

V.V. Mirnov, J.P. Sauppe, C.C. Hegna, and C.R. Sovinec, “Analytical and numerical treatment of resistive drift instability in a plasma slab,” Plasma Physics Reports 42(5), 440–449 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S1063780X16050123

S. Munaretto, B.E. Chapman, B.S. Cornille, A.M. DuBois, K.J. McCollam, C.R. Sovinec, A.F. Almagri, and J.A. Goetz, “Generation and suppression of runaway electrons in MST tokamak plasmas,” Nuclear Fusion 60(4), 046024 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ab73c0

N.A. Murphy, C.R. Sovinec, and P.A. Cassak, “Magnetic reconnection with asymmetry in the outflow direction,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 115(A9), (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JA015183

E.E. Peterson, D.A. Endrizzi, M. Clark, J. Egedal, K. Flanagan, N.F. Loureiro, J. Milhone, J. Olson, C.R. Sovinec, J. Wallace, and C.B. Forest, “Laminar and turbulent plasmoid ejection in a laboratory Parker Spiral current sheet,” Journal of Plasma Physics 87(4), (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022377821000775

E.E. Peterson, D.A. Endrizzi, M. Beidler, K.J. Bunkers, M. Clark, J. Egedal, K. Flanagan, K.J. McCollam, J. Milhone, J. Olson, C.R. Sovinec, R. Waleffe, J. Wallace, and C.B. Forest, “A laboratory model for the Parker spiral and magnetized stellar winds,” Nature Physics 15(10), 1095–1100 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0592-7

C.A. Romero-Talamás, E.B. Hooper, R. Jayakumar, H.S. McLean, R.D. Wood, and J.M. Moller, “Measurements and phenomenological modeling of magnetic flux buildup in spheromak plasmas,” Physics of Plasmas 15(4), 042503 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2904917

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